Preheat oven to 350°F. Grease two 9-inch cake pans, line bottoms with parchment circles, grease again, and flour lightly.
In a medium bowl, whisk together flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Set aside.
In a large bowl, beat softened butter and lemon-scented sugar (rub lemon zest into sugar first) on medium-high until light and fluffy, about 3-4 minutes.
Beat in eggs one at a time, then add vanilla, lemon zest, and lemon juice. Batter may look curdled – that's normal.
With mixer on low, add flour mixture in three additions alternating with buttermilk in two additions, starting and ending with flour. Mix just until combined.
Gently fold floured blueberries into batter with a rubber spatula until evenly distributed.
Divide batter evenly between prepared pans. Bake 28-32 minutes until a toothpick inserted in center comes out clean or with a few moist crumbs. Cool in pans 10 minutes, then turn out onto wire rack to cool completely.
Meanwhile, make lemon curd: In a small saucepan whisk egg yolks, lemon juice, sugar, and salt. Cook over medium-low heat, stirring constantly, until thickened (coats back of spoon), about 6-8 minutes. Remove from heat, stir in butter until smooth. Strain through fine mesh strainer into bowl. Press plastic wrap directly onto surface. Chill at least 30 minutes.
Make cream cheese frosting: Beat softened cream cheese and butter until smooth. Gradually add powdered sugar, then vanilla and lemon juice. Beat on medium-high 2 minutes until light and fluffy.
Assemble cake: Place one layer on serving plate. Spread chilled lemon curd over top, leaving 1/2-inch border. Top with second layer. Frost top and sides with cream cheese frosting. Decorate with fresh blueberries, lemon slices, or edible flowers.